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PietraAltopiano.jpg

Dan-seki - Plateau Stone

Measurement : 
Width
29 cm
 
Depth 
  8 cm
 
Height
18 cm

Origin : Liguria (Italy)

PietraAnimale.jpg

Dobutsu-seki - Animal shaped stone

Measurement : 
Widht
15 cm
 
Depth
  8 cm
 
Height 
18 cm

Origin : Liguria (Italy)

Story of a stone

by Mrs.Daniela Schifano

I begin with a quotation, without fear of being prosecuted, because I quote myself: "Every stone has many stories: its geological history, unknown to us, the history that led up to us, the history that bonds us together and that makes it special for us, the story that we will never see." 

This is the story of a stone, which belonged to someone else before, and even before  has been shaped by forces beyond imagination, in periods not conceivable by our senses.

Before me                                                  

How to describe processes and times that our mind, accustomed to think in terms of biological time, almost gets lost ? Since the formation of the earth from the primordial nebula, through dramatic phenomena like ice ages, eruptions, rising and lowering of the earth's crust, drifts of land, pressures and sedimentations, elevations and erosions, each stone is a capsule of time that illustrates the progress of a dramatic journey that has lasted for hundreds of millions of years.
Whatever happened, this stone was always there, on the bank of a river of Japan, when a man, finally came on Earth, despite the arrogance and presumption with which he typically looks at nature and its works, took its presence and its beauty.
Whatever happened, this stone from a bed of a Japanese river arrived in the house of a Japanese man, who appreciated the game of shapes and colours in stones, as well as more intimate qualities: he could see the subtle signs of their transformations, the resistance, the perseverance, the patience with which they were opposed to the forces that had shaped it to build a "living" accumulation of time and events.
Any injury done by nature reminded him that the stones, despite their apparent solidity and consistency, are not immutable but are rather intended to change and transform.
Even the rocks, then, like humans, being impermanent, the cycle of life has imposed an eternal change upon them.
Evene the man, then, similar to the stones, can accept and survive the pressures of life that mold.

So, this man decided to live on with its stones: when he learned of being seriously ill, fearing that no one after him would grasp them entirely, he agreed that his stones would live on in other homes in other continents, appreciated by others eyes.

He become "mountain".

With me                                                 

From the Kamo River in Kyoto Prefecture, from the collection of a Japanese man who practiced the art of Suiseki, came to me this thin stone, marked by a wavy surface that ranges from smooth waxy and granular, with simple and essential lines. According to its place of origin it is a Kamogawa-ishi, which was found in the Kamo River, or near it, in the prefecture of Kyoto. According to its form, it is a Shimagata-ishi, a island shaped stone.

For me, it was at once the "pancake stone" and with this nickname I presented it to the people of the Forum, for advice on the table display most suitable for its essential lines. But I would not have spurned exposure in a suiban, in which case the discourse on the table was revised and corrected according to the size of the tray.
Obviously the word “pancake stone” would not be the poetic name of the stone: on the contrary, looking at it every day, caressing it every so often to appreciate the silky surface, looking at it in the variations of light that day and the seasons can offer, I increasingly asked: 'An island, yes, but which?'. Standing still and thinking, looking inside while eyes see a stone, allowing moments lived, suggestions, poems, music to emerge from the corner of the soul where emotions settle.
Home of mythological beings, cannibals and happy anthropologists, hideouts of pirate`s treasures, castaways  launch their requests for help in the bottle, nations their atomic bombs, and now they run the risk of being submerged by rising waters.
 
Lost, the next day, that there is not, in fact the island is by its nature not easily accessible, evasive, elusive, but also a place of refuge from the chaos of modernity.
Shakespeare says: “The island is made of the same matter as our dreams, it is a physical place but also and above all imaginary, where there is space for mirages, love, adventures, legends” ... and reality shows.
Land of the myth of the Noble Savage, of Peter Pan, of Nausicaa, is the land of Utopia, the island of Sir Thomas More, inexistent place (from the greek “ou-topia”), a destination for those seeking the ultimate and never found meaning of  life, but also happy place (from the greek “eu-topia”), and those who choose to sail to this island try to something very similar to happiness.
So, a happy inexistent place : but are there probably happy and existent places? Certainly not, yet to be searched, because they are the very emblem of human research, internal and not escape from everyday life to a different dimension of being, a metaphor of the human journey in search of the Absolute Truth like Eternal Love, of sense and meaninglessness of life.
Too much for a stone ?

Ma bella più di tutte è l'isola non trovata,

quella che il Re di Spagna s'ebbe da suo cugino,

il Re del Portogallo, con firma suggellata

e bulla del pontefice in gotico latino.

Il Re di Spagna fece vela cercando l'isola incantata

però quell'isola non c'era e mai nessuno l'ha trovata.

Svanì di prua dalla galea come un'idea;

come una splendida utopia è andata via

e non tornerà mai più.

Le antiche carte dei corsari portano un segno misterioso,

ne parlan piano i marinai con un timor superstizioso.

Nessuno sa se c'è davvero od è un pensiero;

se a volte il vento ne ha il profumo.

È come il fumo che non prendi mai!

Appare a volte avvolta di foschia magica, e bella,

ma se il pilota avanza su mari misteriosi è già volata via

tingendosi d'azzurro color di lontananza.

In this song by Mr. Francesco Guccini (himself inspired by a poem by Guido Gozzano 'The most beautiful' ) I find my thoughts beautifully condensed:  here then the “pancake stone“ is given its poetic name “The unfound island”, which will also be shown during exhibitions.

 

Together with you : the public life of a suiseki

When I choose a stone, I turn it into an object of treatment, observation and assessment, and I fill with meanings that, starting from its geological nature never unknown, are also cultural, spiritual and symbolic.
For me, the exposure of a suiseki is sharing this process with other people, it is the last enhancement of a stone through sharing it with observers in a microcosm placed in the limited space of a tokonoma and in a infinite space of the emotions : challenging and perhaps unattainable goal, certainly ambitious, but equally challenging.

 

As complementing object, I chose a Japanese scroll called 'Wave' and a small bronze crab resting on ceramic. Overall, the scroll seems outweigh the stone, despite the exposure in a suiban recalls the immensity of the ocean.

The wave runs up the narrow strip of land and seems to submerge it, so overall an image far removed from any naturalistic realism. But more than fidelity to the real I researched the loyalty to the deep meaning, but visible, the real.

 

After me

This part of the story has to be written and it isn`t me doing it, but I can try to imagine it in a game of imagination.
Maybe my son will close the “pancake stone” in a drawer.
Perhaps my son, in his maturity, will continue the game of appreciation and cultivation with the stone "The unfound island" .
Maybe my son will sell it.
Perhaps, not to take any risks, myself, like its previous owner, I will separate myself from it and I will become "mountain".

 

 

 (Published in the September issue 2009 of "Bonsai & Suiseki Magazine")

 

An important stone

by Mr.Fabrizio Buccini

There are few stones that a passionate collector regards as  "important", the one I am going to tell you  about is one of these. Important means that from the very beginning it provokes special sensations, you realize that that find is something special. You wrap it carefully, you would like to have a drill with a steel brush to clean it at once, on the banks of the river, and you already  imagine it  with its daiza on display at the center of your collection.
It is important … because you take photos of it more than of other stones, … because you plan the daiza in an accurate way, from the edges to the legs, and when you sand and carve it, you are not in a hurry, … because you think that that day, at that moment, Nature gave you something really nice. Now I am going to describe in detail the various steps concerning the processing of the daiza for this wonderful Plateau stone, with three main floors of varying size. As you can see in the photos, the base is very irregular, I will then use a block of wood several cm. where to place the stone.

Plateau stone, 12 cm length, 18 cm depth, 32 cm width ;
dirty stone before cleaning
â–ºThe raw daiza
I used a very high cherry wooden block.
â–ºTest of the stone inside its excavated area.
 
â–ºCarved Daiza: the edges follow the shape of the stone.
â–ºAnother test for the stone.
 

Carved Daiza seen from a different perspective

 
â–ºDaiza after the first sanding; I have built a small
edge that, I think,  makes it very fascinating.
â–ºNote, however, how heavy this base is :
it is necessary to lighten the right side.
 
â–ºI improved the right side and the daiza is remarkably less heavy.
 
 
â–ºDetail of legs of equal size arranged in the strength of the stone.
â–ºBottom of the Daiza after the first painting and the second sanding.

Daiza frontally seen

Here is the completed work

 

â–ºThe front of the stone

â–ºSame side, but photographed inside, which exalts the dark colour of the stone.
The stone is finally ready for an extraordinary "suiseki life".

(Article published on the number 50 - 2006 of "Bonsaitalia - ARTE E NATURA")

   

About us

Three friends, a common passion.

 Mr.Fabrizio Buccini    

( fabrizio@italiansuiseki.it )

 
"As A.S.S.E.B president, I began to be interested in Suiseki in 1993 thanks to Mr. Franco Saburri, an unforgettable friend and artist, and thanks to the first Ligurian trips with Mr. Mrs. Malpeli, friends and experts as well.
Year by year I tried to promote Suiseki in all ways: lectures in Italy and abroad, days of work about daiza manufacture and technical articles in specialized magazines, such as "Bonsai Italia Arte e Natura" hoping to involve the greatest number of people in this wonderful world. I take the opportunity to welcome my dear friend Mrs. Maria Teresa Volonterio who is always ready to spur and support me with her experience.
I think that finding a stone is a nature's gift and, as a gift, by no means it can be modified by man, except a non-invasive cleaning operation to highlight the stone and respect the treasure in our hands in safeguard of the so-called "skin", a basic feature of typical Suiseki.
Nature is the artist, but also who, thanks to care, skill, sacrifice, love and technical knowledge, can recognize what Nature forged and can raise it to a rank of absolute masterpiece.
Japanese Suiseki is the point of reference of my "Suisekist" life, I think its elegance and refinement have no equal.
I hope that this website, created with Daniela’s and Felice’s cooperation, gives the opportunity to increase the spread of Suiseki, opening a debate about the manifold aspects of our friendly stones from their finding to exhibition."

 
Mr.Felice Colombari   
A.I.A.S. member

              ( felice@italiansuiseki.it )

 
 
“...I came across suiseki in bonsai magazines in the early nineties; I got enchanted but then I thought these stones could be found just in Japan. Only in 2000, visiting a bonsai exhibition, I saw suiseki from Liguria on display; I was …. 'petrified' with a small mountain which could be kept in a hand... and I fell in love at once.
I immediately started to search in Internet and, little by little, I started to read about these wonders and to understand where to find them. Being experienced as a mineral digger, I started to realize what and where to search…
Almost ten years have gone by, many excursions, much delight, many involved friends, my first daiza... Then a stone made me meet Daniela: a lovely friendship was born and here I am...
I love the search above all, I enjoy the open air. I often do that on my own, sometimes with friends, I feel in harmony with Nature and at peace with myself. When I come across a nice stone, it always looks like a wonder, a predestined encounter and I am…. happy.”

 
Mrs.Daniela Schifano  
A.I.A.S. member

( daniela@italiansuiseki.it )

 
"The first time I saw a Suiseki, it was in a bonsai book.. and it was immediate passion. The first thing I asked to myself was: "How couldn't I see them before? Then I realized that it's not always so immediate: except in a streams, stones are often covered with clay and they must be imagined first, then found, and you are not always rewarded with a stone that can be defined Suiseki.
I love all the stones regardless of their origin, I enjoy collecting Japanese, Chinese, American stones... The main thing is that they follow the criteria of traditional Suiseki.
I don’t like cut stones, and I prefer more essential forms.
The moments I like best are the search in nature and the exhibition, for opposite reasons. In the search you are on your own and inside that nature which you try to find in the stones. In an exhibition there is the encounter with the "third reality": the audience, with whom to share the pleasure of observation and learning.
My favorite stone? The one I have not yet found! So the search is not over, the biggest surprise is yet to come, the game must go on..."

 


Cieloconundito.jpg

Yamagata-ishi - Mountain Stone

Measurement : 
Width
14 cm 
 
Depth 
  6 cm
 
Height
  8 cm

Origin : Liguria (Italy)

The messenger

by Mrs. Daniela Schifano

In the colour of an uncertain dawn, suspended between moon and sun, I imagine a motionless eagle watching its kingdom: strong in its extraordinary sight, strutting and made even more regal by a blowing wind which lifts its feathers, it eyes every nook and cranny in search of unwary prey, while the sky calls to ride the clouds. Far away, clear and unpolluted, the peak of Fuji dominates the scene : it is a world of serenity that the sacred mountain inspires, a steady landmark even in stormy times for a mankind immersed in the usual everyday life.



 

By the land of Kai and the wave-washed land of Suruga
rises up
the peak of Fuji.
Heaven's clouds
Halt in their course, and
Winging birds, as well
Will not fly atop it.
Its burning fire is quenched with snow, and
falling snow dissolves in fire.
I cannot speak, I cannot find a name to give
For the dark riddle of this awesome living god.
(Mushimaro, Seventh century d.C.)

 

Mount Fuji is a unique mountain: in height it is the tallest of all bordering lands; by location it is isolated and unchallenged in the surrounding landscape; for visibility it can be glimpsed from the very distant regions of continental mainland; by such a pure and elegant line it is a perfect cone; by typology it is an active volcano, therefore alive.
Sacred Mountain to Shinto: Yama no Kami, the home of spirits, ancestral gods of the mountain, then personified in the divinity of Konohana Sakuya, a descendant of Izanagi and Izanami, the primordial  divine couple generating the archipelago of islands.

Sacred Mountain to Taoism: on its slopes is buried Monk Hsu Fu (in Japanese, Jofuku), who was sent by the Chinese emperor Shi-Houang (Saiko) in 221 BC and spread this doctrine in Japan. Sacred Mountain to Buddhism: a religious symbol, connected with life and death. In Nihon ryoiki (eighth or ninth century) is reported how En no Shokaku, a Buddhist hermit, who was accused of witchcraft during his exile on the island of Oshima, ascended the sacred mountain to meditate at night.Sacred Mountain to Taoism : on its slopes is buried Monk Hsu Fu (in Japanese, Jofuku), who was sent by the Chinese emperor Shi-Houang (Saiko) in 221 BC and spread this doctrine in Japan. 
Sacred Mountain to Buddhism : a religious simbol, connected with life and death. In Nihon ryoiki (eighth or ninth century) is reported how En no Shokaku, a Buddhist hermit, who was accused of witchcraft during his exile on the island oh Oshima, ascended the sacred mountain to meditate at night. 

The raptor seems to perceive the sacred of the mountain in a genuine relationship with beauty in fact the eagle itself is a symbol of God’s will and power in history and time. Massive, majestic proud, capable of reaching dizzy heights in a short time and of diving with unprecedented speed and mastery towards sheer cliffs, as if it wanted to demonstrate its superb authority, it is capable of moving in the sky without a fluttering of a wings, to see tiny things from very great distance.

Alighting or flying, the eagle enchants man, both in imagination and in the unconscious: a deep powerful magnetic gaze, a proud upright stance, that bill and those claws which only a superb predator owns, magic wings capable of amazing flights. Its secrets are strength, self-confidence, beauty, art of flight, harmony quickness of reflex, the magical transformation of predation.

  

 

From the flashing up and down of an eagle descending to claw its prey to the swift flash of lightning: according to an ancient legend, the eagle is the only bird which a thunderbolt can not hurt. Hence its relevance to the upper regions of air, to the sun and to the thunderbolt make it a symbol of divine will and power, while its high, safe, straight, fast flight makes it gods’ messenger, from Zeus to Christian iconography, which often represents angels with eagle wings.

Not accidentally this raptor was used as a symbol of power in history: from the eagle, bird of Zeus, its messenger or its metamorphosis to the Roman imperial eagle, primary symbol of the Roman Empire (and therefore of the Byzantine and Roman-Germanic Empire), the sacred bird is a symbol of power, wisdom (very sharp sight to watch the sun) and justice, which can raise in the apotheosis or swoop down on the offender like a predator on its prey. And once more the shaman of Central Asian and Amerindian cultures is literally an eagle’s son: it is adorned with its feathers to fly in the sky, to descend into hell and raise the dead. Among the Indians of the American prairies eagle feathers adorn the chiefs’ diadem and a stick to the top of which an eagle feather is tied is regarded as a remedy for all diseases.

This is what the eagle meant to man in time and among different peoples however I still want to imagine it  with its unmistakable great silhouette come out of horizons of cliffs and canyons and plane or circle with large wings. I watch a stone and see an eagle, in the play of imagination that gives space to soul and feelings to drift to an inner communication that is free like a gentle breeze flowing from a hardly traced shape to a not only mental interpretation. Beyond words, explanations, reasons, this is, for me, the magic of suiseki.
Beyond words, explanations, reasons, this is, for me, the magic of suiseki.
 (Published in the January 2009 issue of "Bonsai & Suiseki magazine")

 

 

Construction of a daiza step by step

by Mr. Fabrizio Buccini

At the last congress of the French Federation of Bonsai in Sochaux before the audience Mr. Fabrizio Buccini created a daiza, as the carved wooden stand serving as a base and a support of a suiseki is called. Esprit Bonsai, partners of the event, captured these images to guide you step by step in the realization of a daiza for your suiseki.
(The article was published in French and translated into Italian for the present publication.) 
Mr. Fabrizio Buccini seldom realized a daiza in one day.
He was invited by A.F.A.S. (French Association of Suiseki Lovers), and offered this performance  to the audience in Sochaux. This kind of work generally takes place in two days to have the time needed to perform each step carefully.
A daiza for each stone: the creation of a daiza is a work of patience and attention to details because you have to work on small pieces of wood and perfect the details because the beauty of a stone can be ruined by a roughly finished daiza.
 
For this demonstration Mr. Fabrizio Buccini chose to create a daiza for a Ligurian stone, a mountain stone. The creation of a daiza requires the use of not too hard fine woods, with very thin and narrow short fibres. The wood of fruit trees is just right for this use.
Today Mr. Fabrizio Buccini chose the walnut but he could have used cherry or birch, mahogany or pear tree. In all cases the selected wood must be well seasoned like any work of joinery.
   

A vice, a pencil, a hammer, a flat chisel, a small cutter, an electric saw, an electric sander, sandpaper, fine-grained  steel wool, carbon paper, brushes, gloves and a mask, dye, nitrocellulose paint, linseed oil, turpentine and, of course, a piece of wood.
 
The selected walnut table is clamped between the jaws of a vice. However, we must not over tighten to avoid breaking the wood.
 The inside of the daiza
     
With a very sharp pencil draw the outline of the stone on the wooden surface, holding the stone on the table.
 
The contour of the stone is very accurately reported on the piece of wood.
 
With the help of a chisel and a hammer mark the outline with a slight inclination inwards because the stone must be placed inside the wood.
 
Hold the chisel slightly tilted towards the inside of the future daiza as it is shown in the photo.
   
With a flat chisel begin to dig inside the outline of the stone. It is important to note that the work is handmade. Dig a little inside the outline, taking care not to damage the wood.
 
Continue to dig little by little with a small cutter. It is better to dig gently to avoid making mistakes, starting from the edges. No empty space should remain between wood and stone.
 
Proceed in stages.
Mr. Fabrizio Buccini prefers to work the first half of daiza with cutter and gouge, then do the same on the second half.
     
Work the surface with the cutter starting from the contours.
 
It is important to protect oneself by wearing a mask.
 
After the edges keep on working the surface, as a whole, without losing sight of what the stone must occupy !
 
Place the stone in the daiza to control its positioning in the excavated area and reckon the changes.

 

 

A sheet of carbon paper between stone and wood helps to identify the areas to be corrected.
Press strongly the stone on the paper : on the wood we will get the "print" of the points to be removed.
 
The blue traces of carbon paper correspond to the areas to be corrected with the cutter.
 
The surface of daiza is ready to receive the stone.

 

 

A control is necessary : the stone must be perfectly stable on the  excavated  surface.
   
Use sandpaper to make the finish of the excavation.
    
Stone and daiza are perfectly aligned.
The edge of the daiza
     
The inner surface of daiza is over, we must face the edges of daiza. The stone is small, the edge of daiza must be thin. Draw the outline of the edge with a pencil.
 
Saw the edge of the daiza with a very thin saw blade, following the outlined contours.
 
The edge of daiza was cut roughly, the surface must be finished.
 
Use a small grinder to finish the edges of daiza. The use of protective gloves is recommended for this type of operation.
With a small wheel covered with progressively finer sandpaper you finish the outer edges of daiza. Follow the stroke of the pencil with a slight inclination towards the inside of the base of daiza. It is important to protect oneself from saw dust by wearing a mask.

For the present the edge of daiza is smooth enough. The final finish will be made after making the legs.

 

The slight inclination of the edge is clearly visible.

The legs

 

 

With a pencil draw the legs on the bottom surface of the daiza.
At first Mr. Fabrizio Buccini draws six legs but five will be enough to balance the whole.
 
To show the legs remove the wood around the drawing of the foot using a small grinding machine. Use sandpaper from Nr. 120. The bigger the daiza is, the more you start with coarse grained paper. Continue with Nr. 240 till Nr. 400.
 
Proceed gradually to avoid making mistakes.
 
The legs should be placed in the strength of the stone.
This table shows different types of legs and edges.
The position of the five legs is now well established.
Continue to refine without removing too much material.
The legs are being shaped.
Given the size of the legs, this step requires great precision, concentration and patience.

 

 

The piece of wood needs being worked repeatedly to make the legs more delicate.
 
The use of an electric sander allows to smooth the surface in a level fast way.
 
The legs have their final shape and the bottom surface of daiza is ready for finish.

 

 

Polish with fine sandpaper to get a very smooth surface.
 
Polish all angles well until the whole surface is homogeneous.
 
The wood is perfectly smooth, the delicacy of the legs perfectly fits in the surface.
The painting
The next step is to dye the wood. Everybody generally creates his own mixture to obtain the desired dye. The classic products on sale for the coloration of the wood are quite adequate.

 

 

Start by spreading a coat of paint inside the daiza with a brush.
 
Then paint the bottom surface of daiza and let dry for 10 minutes.
 
Spread the fine steel wool and repeat the sequence: colouring, drying, fine steel wool, three times.
     
The dye highlights possible defects: they must be removed with fine sandpaper. At each stage spread the fine steel wood again.
 
Mr. Fabrizio Buccini checks the joint between stone and daiza for the last time before moving to the next step.
 
On the other side of daiza, the feet can be seen and the surface is perfect, flawless. The daiza is ready to receive the stone.
 
The daiza is stable, the contours are smooth. The interior is the underside of the stone in the negative.
 
The paint
 
It is time to proceed with the application of a Nitrocellulose  paint diluted in a solvent.
The advantage of this type of paint is that it dries very quickly.
It is better to work in an airy room because of the strong smell and of the toxicity of the product.
 

 
It is better to apply more coats of paint on the surfaces of daiza. The ideal thing would be to apply three coats of paint.
Fabrizio Buccini puts the daiza on a knife tip to apply the paint.
Everybody has his own technique!
 

 

It is important to make sure that there is no leakage of paint.
 
The daiza must dry as long as possible.
 
Then spread a mixture of linseed oil and turpentine using blotting paper.
The daiza is finally ready.
The Ligurian stone on its new daiza in an exhibition area. The set is perfect. We just have to admire "The Desert Mountains," evoked by Fabrizio Buccini's stone.

 (Published on number 16 - Year 2005 of the magazine Esprit Bonsai)

Suiseki life

by Mr. Fabrizio Buccini

In this article I would like to dwell a little more on the construction of daiza, trying to give full details of the various processes and tools to be used.
 
This stone was collected in Ligurian Apennines, in the area of Savona, and has a green colour in some places tending to dark green, almost black, and is a good example of a "plateau stone".

Dimensions : 9 x 12 x 8 h

Photo 2
The excavation is completed
Photo 3
First test, everything OK
Applying the rasp to the drill (photo 4) I finished the edges of the table giving the right angle to the outer daiza and finishing with the cylindrical pointed Dremel and coarse sandpaper (photo 4,5 and 6).

Photo 4
Defining the edges of daiza
Rasp applied to drill
Photo 5
Completion of daiza before the construction of the legs
Photo 6
Cylinders with coarse and fine sandpaper
I now begin the study of the legs drawing them with a pencil and placing them in the areas that the stone indicates, that is in the strength (photo 7 and 8).
Photo 7 and 8
Choice of placement of the legs
Photo 9
Used tools, almost completed crude daiza and rounded edges

Photo 10
This is the final shape I decided to give to the daiza
 

Photo 11
Now the process of sanding, painting and final polishing will start before the stone leads its splendid "suiseki life".
We prepare sandpaper starting from Nr. 80 to Nr. 240 and farther. Begin sanding in this case from Nr. 120 since
a god job with Dremel and sandpaper cylinders has already been completed.
We continue with Nr. 150 and end with Nr. 220/240 taking care to get a smooth surface looking almost like glass. Then proceed with a light coat of steel wool to complete the sanding. Prepare the mordant of the chosen colour and imbue the daiza thoroughly with it.
 
 
Photo 12
Sandpaper of different kinds
Let dry and then treat with very fine steel wool and watch all the possible defects in the first sanding which will now turn out.
We must now focus on removing actual flaws, starting again from paper Nr. 120 in order to make the surface perfect.
 
Photo 13
The daiza after first sanding
 
Photo 14
The daiza, the mordant and the defects in the foreground
Photo 15
The flaws are clear and must be eliminated

Sanding is a very important  phase in building a daiza and must be carried out carefully, trying to obtain a flawless surface without scratches, allowing then a perfect polish. Therefore it is essential that you do not rush things but repeat the operations of sanding several times, if necessary. The base must be obviously impregnated with the mordant between a sanding and another. When this phase is finished, we paint the daiza definitely making the colour more or less uniform.
Photo 16
The completed daiza before polishing
 
Photo 17
Nitro paint                    
Photo 18
This is the final result

 
Now we have the daiza ready for the final polishing which will be with nitro paint, applying it with a soft brush, avoiding to leave smudges and drips that would be too clear.

(Article published on the numbers 46 and 47 - 2005 of "Bonsaitalia - ARTE E NATURA")

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